항동영어 NOTE: In addition to master’s and doctoral degree programs, the percentage “Enrolled in Any Program” also includes small percentages of individuals enrolled in other programs (e.g., post-baccalaureate certificates, post-master’s degree certificates, undergraduate certificates, associate’s degrees, and additional bachelor’s degrees). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B 2008/2012). Data were tabulated using NCES PowerStats. 112 2018 Equity Indicators Report $43,285 $43,064 $43,443 $50,993 $46,097 $38,000 $40,000 $42,000 $44,000 $46,000 $48,000 $50,000 $52,000 First (Lowest) Income Quartile Second Income Quartile Third Income Quartile Fourth (Highest) Income Quartile All Equity Indicator 5e(ii): Average annualized income for dependent students who received bachelor’s degrees in 2008 who were not enrolled in education and who were employed at the 4-year follow-up in 2012 by parents’ income quartile Indicator Status: Average annualized income of bachelor’s degree recipients who are not enrolled in education and who are employed is higher for those from the highest income quartile than for those from lower income quartiles. NOTE: Mean annualized incomes are for dependent 2008 bachelor’s degree recipients who were not enrolled in any level of education at the time of the 2012 follow-up and who were employed full-time or part-time with one job or more jobs. The mean incomes reported in the 2017 Equity Indicators 5e(i) and 5e(ii) did not exclude those who were enrolled in further schooling and thus are lower than those reported in the 2018 Equity Indicator 5e(ii). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B 2008/2012). Data were tabulated using NCES PowerStats. Equity Indicator 5: How Do Educational Attainment Rates and Early Outcomes Vary by Family Characteristics? 113 Unemployment among Bachelor’s Degree Recipients at the Time of the 4-Year Follow Up. Indicator 5e(iii) shows the percentage of dependent bachelor’s degree recipients who, when they were surveyed 4 years after graduation (in 2012), were not employed, not enrolled in further education, and did not report they were out of the labor force for family or other reasons.93 Indicator 5e(iii) shows that bachelor’s degree recipients from the lowest family income quartile had an “unemployment rate” that was 50 percent higher than that of the two highest family income quartiles (9 percent versus 6 percent). In 2012, during the Great Recession, the unemployment rate reported by BLS based on CPS data was 8.3 percent overall and 4.3 percent for college graduates over age 25. Recent college graduates typically have higher unemployment rates than older graduates. For younger college graduates, the national unemployment rate was 10.4 percent in 2010 and 9.4 percent in 2012.94 93 This indicator represents the percentage of non-employed graduates who were not enrolled in further schooling in 2012. It excludes those who indicated that they were “out of the labor force” for any reason. 94 Discussion of college graduates’ employment has also focused on underemployment defined as those working in jobs that did not require a college degree. For 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey estimated that 44 percent of recent college graduates age 22 to 27 were “underemployed” by this definition https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/06/44-of-youngcollege-grads-are-underemployed-and-thats-good-news/277325. For discussion of employment and underemployment trends see: Wething, H. Sabadish, N., and Shierholz, H.(2012). Labor Market for Young Graduates. Economic Policy Institute. https://www.epi.org/ publication/bp340-labor-market-young-graduates/ and https://fredblog.stlouisfed.org/2014/03/unemployment-rates-by-educationalattainment/?utm_source=series_page&utm_medium=related_content&utm_term=related_resources&utm_campaign=fredblog. 9% 7% 6% 6% 7% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% First (Lowest) Income Quartile
