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Kennedy speech on the space effort at Rice University, September 12, 1962.ogv Kennedy speaks at Rice University, September 12, 1962 (duration 17:47) After Congress authorized the funding, Webb began reorganizing NASA, increasing its staffing level, and building two new centers: a Launch Operations Center for the large Moon rocket northwest of Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and a Manned Spacecraft Center on land donated through Rice University in Houston, Texas. Kennedy took the latter occasion as an opportunity to deliver another speech at Rice to promote the space effort on September 12, 1962, in which he said: No nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space. ... We choose to go to the Moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard.[336] Full text Wikisource has information on "We choose to go to the moon" On November 21, 1962, in a cabinet meeting with NASA administrator Webb and other officials, Kennedy explained that the Moon shot was important for reasons of international prestige, and that the expense was justified.[337] Johnson assured him that lessons learned from the space program had military value as well. Costs for the Apollo program were expected to reach $40 billion (equivalent to $338.09 billion in 2019).[338] In a September 1963 speech before the United Nations, Kennedy urged cooperation between the Soviets and Americans in space, specifically recommending that Apollo be switched to "a joint expedition to the Moon".[339] Khrushchev again declined, and the Soviets did not commit to a manned Moon mission until 1964.[340] On July 20, 1969, almost six years after Kennedy's death, Apollo 11 landed the first manned spacecraft on the Moon. Administration, Cabinet, and judicial appointments The Kennedy Cabinet Office Name Term President John F. Kennedy 1961–1963 Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson 1961–1963 Secretary of State Dean Rusk 1961–1963 Secretary of the Treasury C. Douglas Dillon 1961–1963 Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara 1961–1963 Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy 1961–1963 Postmaster General J. Edward Day 1961–1963 John A. Gronouski 1963 Secretary of the Interior Stewart Udall 1961–1963 Secretary of Agriculture Orville Freeman 1961–1963 Secretary of Commerce Luther H. Hodges 1961–1963 Secretary of Labor Arthur Goldberg 1961–1962 W. Willard Wirtz 1962–1963 Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare Abraham A. Ribicoff 1961–1962 Anthony J. Celebrezze 1962–1963 The official White House portrait of John F. Kennedy, painted by Aaron Shikler Judicial appointments Supreme Court Main article: John F. Kennedy Supreme Court candidates Further information: List of nominations to the Supreme Court of the United States Kennedy appointed the following Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States: Byron White – 1962 Arthur Goldberg – 1962 Other courts Main article: List of federal judges appointed by John F. Kennedy In addition to his two Supreme Court appointments, Kennedy appointed 21 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, and 102 judges to the United States district courts. Assassination Main article: Assassination of John F. Kennedy The Kennedys and the Connallys in the presidential limousine moments before the assassination in Dallas President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, at 12:30 pm Central Standard Time on Friday, November 22, 1963. He was in Texas on a political trip to smooth over frictions in the Democratic Party between liberals Ralph Yarborough and Don Yarborough (no relation) and conservative John Connally.[341] Traveling in a presidential motorcade through downtown Dallas, he was shot once in the back, the bullet exiting via his throat, and once in the head.[342] Kennedy was taken to Parkland Hospital for emergency medical treatment, where he was pronounced dead 30 minutes later. He was 46 years old and had been in office for 1,036 days. Lee Harvey Oswald, an order filler at the Texas School Book Depository from which the shots were fired, was arrested for the murder of police officer J. D.